1 Fernando Urdiales, Treatment of Soft Tissue Filler Complications: Expert Consensus Recommendations received: 25 September 2017 / Accepted: 17 December 2017 / Published online: 5 January 2018
2 Funt D, Pavicic T (2015) Dermal fillers in aesthetics: an overview of adverse events and treatment approaches. Plast Surg Nurs 35:13–32
3 Christensen LH (2009) Host tissue interaction, fate, and risks of degradable and non-degradable gel fillers. Dermatol Surg 35:1612–1619
4 De Boulle K, Heydenrych I (2015) Patient factors influencing dermal filler complications: prevention, assessment, and treatment. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 8:205–214
5 Fitzgerald R, Bertucci V, Sykes JM, Duplechain JK (2016) Adverse reactions to injectable fillers. Facial Plast Surg 32(5):532–555
6 Glass GE, Tzafetta K (2014) Optimising treatment of Bell’s Palsy in primary care: the need for early appropriate referral. Br J Gen Pract 64(629):e807–e809
7 http://biblioteca.asmn.re.it/allegati/parestesie3_110726024255.pdf
8 Rohrich RJ, Nguyen AT, Kenkel JM (2009) Lexicon for soft tissue implants. Dermatol Surg 35(Suppl 2):1605–1611
9Sclafani AP, Fagien S (2009) Treatment of injectable soft tissue filler complications. Dermatol Surg 35:1672–1680
10 Rzany B, DeLorenzi C (2015) Understanding, avoiding, and managing severe filler complications. Plast Reconstr Surg 136(5 Suppl):196S–203S
11 Bailey SH, Cohen JL, Kenkel JM (2011) Etiology, prevention and treatment of dermal filler complications. Aesthetic Surg J 31:110–121
12 Park SW, Woos SJ, Park KH, Huth JW, Jung C, Kwon OK (2012) Iatrogenic retinal artery occlusion caused by cosmetic facial filler inyections. Am J Ophthalmol 154(4):653–662
13 Loh KT, Chua JJ, Lee HM, Lim JT, Chuah G, Yim B, Puah BK (2016) Prevention and management of vision loss relating to facial filler injections. Singap Med J 57(8):438–443
14 Carruthers JD, Fagien S, Rohrich RJ, Weinkle S, Carruthers A (2014) Blindness caused by cosmetic filler injection: a review of cause and therapy. Plast Reconstr Surg 134(6):1197–1201
15Hayreh SS, Zimmerman MB (2005) Central retinal artery occlusion: visual outcome. Am J Ophthalmol 140(3):376–391
16 Funt D, Pavicic T (2015) Dermal fillers in aesthetics: an overview of adverse events and treatment approaches. Plast Surg Nurs 35:13–32
17 DeLorenzi C (2013) Complications of injectable fillers, part I. Aesthet Surg J 33(4):561–575
18 Hirsch RJ, Narurkar V, Carruthers J (2006) Management of injected hyaluronic acid induced Tyndall effects. Lasers Surg Med 38(3):202–204
19 Rousso JJ, Pitman MJ (2010) Enterococcus faecalis complicating dermal filler injection: a case of virulent facial abscesses. Dermatol Surg 36(10):1638–1641
20 Dayan SH, Arkins JP, Brindise R (2011) Soft tissue fillers and biofilm. Facial Plast Surg 27:23–28
21 Lemperle G, Gauthier-Hazan N, Wolters M, Eisemann-Klein M, Zimmermann U, Duffy DM (2009) Foreign body granulomas after all injectable dermal fillers: part 1. Possible causes. Plast Reconstr Surg 123(6):1842–1863

1 Fernando Urdiales, Treatment of Soft Tissue Filler Complications: Expert Consensus Recommendations received: 25 September 2017 / Accepted: 17 December 2017 / Published online: 5 January 2018
2 Funt D, Pavicic T (2015) Dermal fillers in aesthetics: an overview of adverse events and treatment approaches. Plast Surg Nurs 35:13–32
3 Christensen LH (2009) Host tissue interaction, fate, and risks of degradable and non-degradable gel fillers. Dermatol Surg 35:1612–1619
4 De Boulle K, Heydenrych I (2015) Patient factors influencing dermal filler complications: prevention, assessment, and treatment. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 8:205–214
5 Fitzgerald R, Bertucci V, Sykes JM, Duplechain JK (2016) Adverse reactions to injectable fillers. Facial Plast Surg 32(5):532–555
6 Glass GE, Tzafetta K (2014) Optimising treatment of Bell’s Palsy in primary care: the need for early appropriate referral. Br J Gen Pract 64(629):e807–e809
7 http://biblioteca.asmn.re.it/allegati/parestesie3_110726024255.pdf
8 Rohrich RJ, Nguyen AT, Kenkel JM (2009) Lexicon for soft tissue implants. Dermatol Surg 35(Suppl 2):1605–1611
9Sclafani AP, Fagien S (2009) Treatment of injectable soft tissue filler complications. Dermatol Surg 35:1672–1680
10 Rzany B, DeLorenzi C (2015) Understanding, avoiding, and managing severe filler complications. Plast Reconstr Surg 136(5 Suppl):196S–203S
11 Bailey SH, Cohen JL, Kenkel JM (2011) Etiology, prevention and treatment of dermal filler complications. Aesthetic Surg J 31:110–121
12 Park SW, Woos SJ, Park KH, Huth JW, Jung C, Kwon OK (2012) Iatrogenic retinal artery occlusion caused by cosmetic facial filler inyections. Am J Ophthalmol 154(4):653–662
13 Loh KT, Chua JJ, Lee HM, Lim JT, Chuah G, Yim B, Puah BK (2016) Prevention and management of vision loss relating to facial filler injections. Singap Med J 57(8):438–443
14 Carruthers JD, Fagien S, Rohrich RJ, Weinkle S, Carruthers A (2014) Blindness caused by cosmetic filler injection: a review of cause and therapy. Plast Reconstr Surg 134(6):1197–1201
15Hayreh SS, Zimmerman MB (2005) Central retinal artery occlusion: visual outcome. Am J Ophthalmol 140(3):376–391
16 Funt D, Pavicic T (2015) Dermal fillers in aesthetics: an overview of adverse events and treatment approaches. Plast Surg Nurs 35:13–32
17 DeLorenzi C (2013) Complications of injectable fillers, part I. Aesthet Surg J 33(4):561–575
18 Hirsch RJ, Narurkar V, Carruthers J (2006) Management of injected hyaluronic acid induced Tyndall effects. Lasers Surg Med 38(3):202–204
19 Rousso JJ, Pitman MJ (2010) Enterococcus faecalis complicating dermal filler injection: a case of virulent facial abscesses. Dermatol Surg 36(10):1638–1641
20 Dayan SH, Arkins JP, Brindise R (2011) Soft tissue fillers and biofilm. Facial Plast Surg 27:23–28
21 Lemperle G, Gauthier-Hazan N, Wolters M, Eisemann-Klein M, Zimmermann U, Duffy DM (2009) Foreign body granulomas after all injectable dermal fillers: part 1. Possible causes. Plast Reconstr Surg 123(6):1842–1863